Tuesday, May 29, 2012

River Systems of Karnataka

There are seven river systems in Karnataka which with their tributaries, drain the state. The names of these river systems are:

Godavari
Krishna
Cauvery
North Pennar
South Pennar
Palar And
West Flowing rivers
 
Godavari River System:

The river Godavari rises in the Nasik district of Maharashtra about 80km from the shore of Arabian sea, at an elevation of 1067m , after flowing for about 1465km in a general south-easterly direction, through Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh, Godavari falls into the Bay of Bengal above Rajamundry. The Godavari has a drainage area of about 3,12,813 sq.kms
The principal tributaries of Godavari are the Pravara, the Purna, the Manjra, the Pranahita, the Indravathy and the Sabari, Manjra River is having its partial catchment area in Karnataka

Krishna River System:The river Krishna is an Inter-State river in Southern India. It is the second largest river in Peninsular India, rises in the Western Ghats at an altitude of 1337 m. near Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra State. It flows across the whole width of the peninsula, from west to east, for a length of about 1400 km, through Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The entire catchment area of Krishna basin is 2,58,948 sq km. including the other basin states

The principal tributaries of Krishna in Karnataka are Ghataprabha, Malaprabha, Bhima and Tungabhadra. All these rivers except the Malaprabha River having their catchment area both in Karnataka and Maharashtra

1.Ghataprabha raises at a height of 884 Mtrs in western ghats and flows through Maharashtra and Karnataka
2.MalaPrabha raises at a height of 792.48 Mtrs in western ghats and flows in Karnataka.
3.Bhima Nadi Raises at 945 Mtrs in western ghats and flows through Maharashtra and Karnataka.
4.Tungabhadra 1198 Mtrs western ghats at Gangamula and drains Karnataka and Andrapradesh.


CAUVERY RIVER SYSTEM:

The river Cauvery is an Inter-State river in Southern India. It is one of the major rivers of the Peninsular flowing east and running into the Bay of Bengal.

The Cauvery rises at Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri Range of Hill in the Western Ghats, presently in the Coorg district of the State of Karnataka, at an elevation of 1.341m (4,400 ft.) above mean sea level.
The catchment area of entire Cauvery Basin is 81,155 sq. km. including the other basin states of Cauvery River System i.e it flows and covers Karnataka,Kerla,Tamilnadu and Karaikal region of Pondicherry with hieghest catchment area in Tamilnadu and Karnataka Next to it.

The principal tributaries of Cauvery in Karnataka are the Harangi, the Hemavathy, the Lakshmanathirtha, the Kabini, the Shimsha, the Arkavathi and the Suvarnavathy. All these rivers except the Kabini River, Arkavathy River and Suvarnavathy River rise and flow fully in Karnataka.

1. Harangi River 1067 mtrs above Pushpagiri Hills of western ghats and drains only Karnataka.
2.Hemavathy 1219 Mtrs high, at Bellarayana Durga in western ghats and draining area is karnataka.
3.Kabini 2140 Mtrs High, Western ghats in kerla, and drains Karnataka Kerla and Tamilnadu
4.Suvarnavathy originates at Nasrur Ghat range and drains karnataka and Tamilnadu
5.Lakshmanathirtha raises at 1950 Mtrs Height in Western Ghats and drains Karnataka.
6.Shimsha 914 Mtrs height at Tumkur District and drains Karnataka
7.Arkavathy raises at a height of 1480 Mtrs in Nandidurga and drains Karnataka and Tamilnadu

NORTH PENNAR RIVER SYSTEM :

Originates from Nandi hills of Kolar ->Uttara Pinakini (North Pennar River ) It is an inter state river covering Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh

SOUTH PENNAR RIVER SYSTEM
 Raises from Nandi hills of Kolar also an inter state river of Karnataka and Tamilnadu

PALAR RIVER SYSTEM :
Origin at Talagavara village in Kolar, 900 meters, Palar is also an interstate river i.e Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu


WEST FLOWING RIVER SYSTEM :

The Western Ghats provides a principal geographical barrier in the path of the Arabian Sea branch of the Southwest monsoon, and is principally responsible for the heavy rainfall over the western coastal belt. The Southwest monsoon season (june to september) is the principal rainy season, over 90 % of annual rainfall is realised in this period.

The rivers in the Western Ghats region generally originate at an elevation ranging from 400 meters to 1,600 meters above the mean sea level, close to the Western Ghats ridge. The rivers generally flow westward and meet the Arabian Sea after a short run varying from 50 kms to 300 kms. the rivers are very steep in the upper reaches and fairly steep in the middle reaches. It is only near the sea that they have relatively flat gradients and some sort of flood plain.

1. Mahadayi/Mandavi Raises above 600mtrs in Western Ghats, Belgaum District and an inter state river of Karnataka and Goa
2.Kaali nadi Raises above 600 mtrs in Bidi Village Western ghats and drains Karnataka
3.Gangavalli raises 700 mtrs above in western ghats south of Dharwad and drain Karnataka
4.Aghanashini raises above 500 metres in western ghats near Sirsi and drains karnataka alone
5.Sharavathi raises at 700 mtrs height in western ghats Humacha in shimoga distrrict and drains Karnataka
6.Chakra Nadi 600 mtrs Height, East of kodachadri in shimoga District and drainage area is karnataka
7.Varahi nadi (Haladi) originiates at 600 Height Kavaledurga in Shimoga District and drainage area is karnataka
8.Nethravathy Nadi, 1000Mtrs height, At Bellarayanadurga in Dakshina Kannada Distrrict and drains karnataka
9.Barpole (Valapattanam) above 900 Mtrs in Brhamagiri ghat reserve forest in Coorg and drains Karnataka and Kerla.

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